Objectif

Construire une API REST complète de gestion de tâches avec resources, form requests, pagination, filtres, et gestion centralisée des erreurs.

Concept	Mis en pratique
API Resource	TaskResource avec whenLoaded()
Form Request	StoreTaskRequest / UpdateTaskRequest
Pagination	cursorPaginate() sur grandes listes
Filtres	?status=todo&priority=high&project_id=1
Versioning	Préfixe /api/v1/ sur toutes les routes
Erreurs JSON	Centralisé dans bootstrap/app.php

Endpoints de l'API

Méthode	URL	Auth	Description
POST	/api/v1/auth/login	—	Obtenir un token
GET	/api/v1/tasks	Bearer	Lister (paginé, filtrable)
POST	/api/v1/tasks	Bearer + write	Créer une tâche
GET	/api/v1/tasks/{id}	Bearer	Détail avec relations
PUT	/api/v1/tasks/{id}	Bearer + write	Modifier
DELETE	/api/v1/tasks/{id}	Bearer + write	Supprimer (204)
GET	/api/v1/projects/{id}/tasks	Bearer	Tâches d'un projet

# Exemples curl
# Login
curl -X POST http://localhost/api/v1/auth/login \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"email":"user@test.com","password":"password"}'

# Lister avec filtres
curl http://localhost/api/v1/tasks?status=todo&priority=high&per_page=5 \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer {token}"

# Créer
curl -X POST http://localhost/api/v1/tasks \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer {token}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"title":"Implement OAuth","status":"todo","priority":"high","due_date":"2025-12-31"}'

Consignes

1. Créer la migration tasks : title, body, status (enum), priority (enum), due_date, user_id, project_id
2. Créer TaskResource avec whenLoaded('project') et calcul is_overdue
3. Créer StoreTaskRequest avec authorize() + rules() + failedValidation()
4. Implémenter les filtres dans index() avec when($request->status, ...)
5. Utiliser cursorPaginate() pour la liste
6. Centraliser les erreurs 401/403/404/422 dans bootstrap/app.php

Solution commentée

// app/Http/Resources/TaskResource.php
namespace App\Http\Resources;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;

class TaskResource extends JsonResource
{
    public function toArray(Request $request): array {
        return [
            'id'          => $this->id,
            'title'       => $this->title,
            'body'        => $this->body,
            'status'      => $this->status,
            'priority'    => $this->priority,
            'due_date'    => $this->due_date?->toDateString(),
            'is_overdue'  => $this->due_date?->isPast() && $this->status !== 'done',
            'created_at'  => $this->created_at->toIso8601String(),
            'project'     => new ProjectResource($this->whenLoaded('project')),
            'assignee'    => new UserResource($this->whenLoaded('assignee')),
        ];
    }
}

// app/Http/Requests/StoreTaskRequest.php
namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Validator;
use Illuminate\Http\Exceptions\HttpResponseException;

class StoreTaskRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function authorize(): bool { return true; }

    public function rules(): array {
        return [
            'title'      => 'required|string|max:255',
            'body'       => 'nullable|string',
            'status'     => 'in:todo,in_progress,done',
            'priority'   => 'in:low,medium,high',
            'due_date'   => 'nullable|date|after:today',
            'project_id' => 'nullable|exists:projects,id',
        ];
    }

    protected function failedValidation(Validator $validator): void {
        throw new HttpResponseException(
            response()->json([
                'message' => 'Données invalides.',
                'errors'  => $validator->errors(),
            ], 422)
        );
    }
}

// app/Http/Controllers/Api/TaskController.php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Http\Requests\StoreTaskRequest;
use App\Http\Resources\TaskResource;
use App\Models\Task;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class TaskController extends Controller
{
    public function index(Request $request) {
        $tasks = Task::with(['project', 'assignee'])
            ->where('user_id', $request->user()->id)
            ->when($request->status,   fn($q) => $q->where('status', $request->status))
            ->when($request->priority, fn($q) => $q->where('priority', $request->priority))
            ->when($request->project_id, fn($q) => $q->where('project_id', $request->project_id))
            ->when($request->search, fn($q) => $q->where('title', 'like', "%{$request->search}%"))
            ->latest()
            ->cursorPaginate($request->per_page ?? 15);

        return TaskResource::collection($tasks);
    }

    public function store(StoreTaskRequest $request) {
        $task = Task::create([
            ...$request->validated(),
            'user_id' => $request->user()->id,
        ]);
        return (new TaskResource($task))->response()->setStatusCode(201);
    }

    public function show(Task $task) {
        $this->authorize('view', $task);
        $task->load('project', 'assignee');
        return new TaskResource($task);
    }

    public function update(StoreTaskRequest $request, Task $task) {
        $this->authorize('update', $task);
        $task->update($request->validated());
        return new TaskResource($task);
    }

    public function destroy(Task $task) {
        $this->authorize('delete', $task);
        $task->delete();
        return response()->noContent();
    }
}